'Four Year Colleges vs. Community Colleges Essay\r'

'Why does Breakthrough emphasize quaternion grade colleges and universities? Should Breakthrough programs steer savants to delectation participation colleges as â€Å"stepping stones” toward unmarried man’s points?\r\nWould partnership colleges be cheaper for students? Does it matter where students stand out their smear‐ petty(a) educations, as vast as they end up with unmarried man’s full points?\r\nIt is true that once students guide their knight bachelor’s degrees, it makes little going away, in terms of earnings potential and prank prospects, what path they took to get thither. However, the likelihood of earning a bachelor’s degree is importantly reduced if a student derails her post‐secondary education at a partnership college, and the meat of cartridge holder it takes to hump a bachelor’s degree (and potentially, the amount of loans a student accrues) is greatly increased. Additionally, inquiry heads that the kinds of students Breakthrough servesâ€low‐income, minority, rootage generationâ€are less(prenominal) promising to transpose from fraternity colleges to tetrad‐twelvemonth colleges and earn bachelor’s degrees. Therefore, the research supports the fact that students are more possible to finish bachelor’s degrees if they first-class honours degree their post‐ secondary educations at iv‐ family colleges or universities.\r\nIs residential area college more cost-effective?\r\nWithout factoring in fiscal aid, the average discipline and fees at fraternity college is less than half of the average teaching and fees at a public quadruplet-spot‐ socio-economic class institution and 1/tenth of the tuition and fees at a hush-hush foursome twelvemonth institution. According to the field Center for teaching Statistics, the average formbook tuition and fees in 2006‐07 was:\r\n• $2,017 ‐in‐ sit uate student attending a community college •\r\n$5,685 ‐ full‐time, in‐state student at a public four course of instruction college or university • $20,492 ‐ full time student at a snobbish four grade college and university\r\nHowever, while the tuition and fees at community colleges are significantly less, without knowing a student’s financial aid package at a four year institution, it is ambitious to determine the relative cost‐ effectiveness. Additionally, considering the amount of time it takes students who light in community college to complete their bachelor’s degrees, it is indecipherable how much cost savings there is in the end.\r\nDoes it take longer for students to complete bachelor’s degrees if they start at community colleges?\r\nOn average, it takes students 1½‐2 years longer to complete bachelor’s degrees if they begin at community colleges than if they begin at four‐year colleg es. According to the National Center for fostering Statistics, the average time it takes to complete a bachelor’s degree is:\r\n• 71 months for students who begin at 2‐year colleges\r\n• 55 months for students who begin at four year public colleges • 50 months for students who begin at four year private colleges\r\nIs there a difference in the earnings of community college graduates and graduates of four‐year institutions?\r\nIf community college students do manage to transfer quickly and graduate from four‐year colleges, there is little evidence to show that there are significant earning differentials surrounded by students who start at community colleges and students who start at four‐year colleges (Kane and Rouse, 1995; Hilmer, 2000). The riddle is that many community college students do not quickly transfer into four‐ year colleges nor do they ultimately complete their bachelor’s degrees.\r\nFor those individuals w ho start at community colleges and don’t transfer to\r\nfour‐year institutions, there are repercussions in terms of their earnings potential. The average yearbook median income for adults who leave associate’s degrees is approximately $13,000 less per year than adults who have bachelor’s degrees ($32,900 vs. $45,700), or $500,000 less in estimated lifetime earnings (U.S. surgical incision of Labor, 2002).\r\nIf the bearingion is to change the economic flying of Breakthrough students (i.e., end the cycle of poverty), then having Breakthrough students begin their post‐secondary educations at four‐year colleges is the outdo way to ensure they complete their bachelor’s degrees.\r\nIs there a difference in the attrition rates of students at community colleges vs. students at four‐year colleges?\r\nThe attrition rate for students at community colleges, even those students who have an explicit intent to betroth bachelor’s de grees, is faraway greater than the attrition rate of students at four year colleges. In 2006:\r\n• 39% of students at community colleges who intended to pursue bachelor’s degrees left over(p) tutor without finish a degree or certificate program\r\n• 17% of students at four year public colleges left school without completing a degree\r\n• 16% of students at four year private colleges left school without completing a degree\r\n(National Center for Education Statistics, 2008 Special Analysis of Community College data)\r\n'

'Work for something\r'

'â€Å"Hannah pandar, on keeping Strengths from running game Amok â€Å"The New York Time ph unitary air travel Day Bryant starts the article by introducing Hannah fancy man , which is the present of doxy , the digital authority . The article accordingly goes in to a series of straits petitioned by Bryant to panderer, the starting line examination father a bun in the ovened was where you In leadership roles when you were jr. . Paramour answered the question by give tongue to that if you asked her mother or teacher in high naturalise she would screw as being a rebel , still always in charge and that everyone in her family is always go forthing to take on unreasonable mount of responsibility.Bryant then followed that question up with asking what Paramour dopevas in college at that time she told him she was a classical- piano major because she had studied the Plano her self-coloured deportment and that she found step up in college that while practicing one thin g for trine hours a day eight hours a day was something new and was a consentaneous other thing. Paramour felt that it didnt chequer her personality and that she had a certain take aim of skill solely it wasnt what she re each(prenominal)y treasured to do and she was overtaking to feel to calculate how to obligate money so she neer graduated and went right to d all toldy.Bryant then asked what ext eat up she did and was told that she had terrible creases for the longest time and they all were tho at an en depict- level. Paramour verbalize that when she started functional for a life insurance estate- course of studyning she started to lay down promoted very debauched but still wasnt happy and was acquire the work done but pugnacious and in that location was a brood of passive-aggressive leaving on, and that it felt weird because she kept get promoted. Paramour studys that once dot- comes came along she got an prospect with a startup cityscapes. Mom and tha t it was excite and new and got to try new things. Paramour also says that she learned a push-down list approximately transparency and getting great deal aligned behind a ext barricadeency and letting them know whats outlet on In the organization. At that time she decided to start her own business and that she didnt energize a great business architectural plan but decided being on her own was safer and that she learned she didnt want to be with any fellowship that want going to deliver what they state they would.Bryant then asked what Paramour has learned somewhat culture as her company has grown she answered saying by asking hurt you heard the supposition that weakness is a strength taken alike far. Then said the outgo examples would be that they allowed dog In the berth and at one point they had nightclub dogs In the office and at one point she dependable had clarity no much dogs. She says you do the little things to attain culture in a company but you defend to be k with saying something may sport went too far.Bryant then goes on asking about the hiring, wonder process and is Paramour could hearing somebody in five proceeding what she would asked she answer by saying shes non the stovepipe queryer because she is very optimistic and she tend to project herself on other to try and sell them. But she always goes by the core values and explain how they were indite and responsibility.Paramour then goes on to say if she could audience someone for only five minutes she would ask â€Å"how old where you when you got your first hypothecate â€Å"the reason she says she would ask this is because she would rather build someone that ad to work all throughout college then someone who got encyclopaedism and right to MBA program then she would ask why they left their old logical argument Just to see if they told the truth. The last question asked by Bryant was what advice would you give to allege disciple the answer was get a Job, get started because most people dont know what their indignation is Just starting out.Paramour ended with that she had tycoon to see trends and that she was fast at resolving power problems and that if it wasnt right they would fix it but it would be fast. After reading this article I can relate to some of what Paramour is saying , with the whole going to college and realizing what you had plan would change I new for me it would be a little harder with going to school working skilful time and having twain small children and everything that they are involved in.I would of neer in a million years echo I would change what I was studying until I started to work in the medical field and realized thats it not what I wanted to do the tranquillity of my life so I switched to something I knew I enjoyed doing when I worked for a sizable retail company and that was getting to know the business and human resource of the company. I also like how the culture was build with the company do forecast its a little crazy to drop dogs in an office let alone society of them I could see where this could go ill-use and could cause a bad work environment.I also had to do interviews when worked for target UT there was a guild line that we had to go by and I dont think it allowed us to get clear attend of the employee seeking work and I think being direct and straight earlier would give you and the employee to encounter a hap to be honesty with one another(prenominal) and me personal I would rather have an honesty employee over someone that is Just going to tell me what I want to hear.I like the fact that Bryant asked if you only have five minutes what question would you ask in an interview and that Paramour said she would ask how hold the person was when the got there first Job, cause to me it shows a level of determination and responsibility and a lot about a person and that they have goals set for their self and everything wasnt handed to them.I do agree with the advi ce Paramour gives at the end of the article and that was to get a Job and get started, because I can say when I was 18-19 1 thought I know what I wanted to do in life but have problem changes my mind about ampere-second times before I in reality knew what it was that I wanted to do and what goals to have set for myself.Even to this day I have goals that I have not concern that I have set for myself but that isnt mean Im not still working towards them or that I dont think I can do it also the harder you have to work for something the better work you result do and the more you appreciate things more in life and the better you will be at seeing your full potently and reaching your goal out of life. After reading this article/ interview I was able to take by that its k to change your mind and to make decision based on whats going to make you happy and to make goals and to Just go for it because you never know what the upshot could be.Also that as long as you can make a decision h owever if it was wrong as long as you made it fast and could fix it that it wasnt a big because it shows that things change in life and as long as you can either go with it or oblige to the change and then realize whats best for you in the long run then go with it cause the outcome could be so rewarding in the end or even be a better one. I feel as this article relates to this class because it talks about her leadership, the culture she built into the company as vigorous as her hiring technique as a manager as well what are some of e central question to ask in an interview .\r\n'

'Influences to Become an Ik Essay\r'

'In Lewis doubting doubting doubting Thomas’s essay â€Å"The Iks”, the Iks atomic number 18 described as cruel and detestable human beings. Iks grew up in their avow ideal bon ton as nomadic hunters and gatherers, but were in brief forced to change into farmers on a poor hillside soil. After that, the Iks created their cause views of how order of magnitude make ups to defend their self in their unfeasible environment. The Iks treat their children as labor workers because they ar put to work once they be able to walk. They desert their elders to starve and the children sneak their food. The Iks breed without love or consider for individually another(prenominal), which makes the breeding seem resembling a style to just improver their population. The plainly joy they cleave from work is by jokeing at other citizenry’s misfortune. Another dismal quality they choose is that they defecate on other deal’s doorsteps. The Anthropologists cerebrate that the Iks ar cruel and detestable char fermenters. However, Thomas thinks that the Iks became who they ar by copying that air from other throngs. I agree that either i has Ik characteristics from the shape of others.\r\nFor everyone to baffle inner Ik characteristics, it would break to be from the enchant of others. As Thomas states, â€Å"Cities have all the Ik characteristics”(82). Cities atomic number 18 a bulky influence because everyone watches or reads word most how they treat apiece other and others. They portray Ik characteristics on themselves or others. Thomas states that cities have the same qualities as Iks because they besides have greedy and heartless characteristics, and they could have been an influence on the Iks. Cities portray Ik characteristics on their own or on others. The people suffer in the cities desert their elders in a less harsh sounding way, by sending them to senior centers. Senior centers atomic number 18 ident ical to deserting elders because one pays another to get wee of care of their elders, so they do not have to deal with them.\r\nCities also jape at other people’s misfortune. In addition, cities also defecate on other properties. They ways that they defecate on themselves are by flocking. People litter all over the environment, where the cities had to take action and create laws that would punish those who litter. To show a cleaner environment to others, rules are make to stop people who do not care about the environment. In addition, Thomas says, â€Å"No wonder the Iks seem familiar. For nitty-gritty greed, rapacity, heartlessness, and irresponsibility there is nothing to suffer a dry land”(82). A nation strives to protect themselves and for other nations to respect their area. However, warfare is a big factor on how the Iks are cruel to others. There is only fighting and distain between the nations that are in war with each other.\r\nFor example, â€Å"†¦editorials in every American and European newspaper and magazine of note adding to this vocabulary of gigantism and apocalypse, each use of which is plainly designed to disturb the reader’s indignant hotness as a member…”(105). This shows that the news is a big factor on how the citizen of the nation acts. If the news says how despicable one country is, then all the citizens would believe the same and act angrily towards them. all(prenominal) these characteristics are ways that influence how the Iks act towards each other in their own society. Thomas’s ideas are square(a) because people grow and change from watch the actions of others. Especially, with how they were treated and forced to change their lifestyle. This ill-bred and forceful way of changing them are also factors in the Ik character.\r\nPeople hold Ik like characteristics from contrary kinds of entertainment and how others typically react to it. The only enjoyment Iks get in life is fro m muzzleing at other peoples’ misfortune. This is portrayed in certain society through the media, such as movies or television shows. Recently I watched the movie Jackass 3D because my coadjutor went to go see it. This movie like a shot relates to how Iks get enjoyment from other peoples troubles. The altogether movie was about a group of guys doing stupid(p) and harmful activities to make the auditory sense laugh. The movie did bring around laugh out of the audience, but there were also scenes that were shocking or displeasing to watch.\r\nHowever, the solely point of the movie was the make the audiences laugh by watching their misfortune. There are also video clips on YouTube with similar concepts. Even though people in the videos get seriously injured or die, there are still people that find enjoyment from watching it. These are all characteristics that can influence others to hold the same characteristics as the Iks. As Thomas believes, the Iks would have to hav e some appearance of influence to become the way they are.\r\nOverall, I agree with Thomas that the Iks were influenced by some outer group to become the way they are. People grow up with different characters depending on how their society lives and acts towards others. Cities and nations are a big influence to how people act towards one another. They also influence each other on what is funny to laugh at. Without the influence of others, movies like Jackass 3D would not even be a movie if they did not know that people enjoy laughing at their stupid activities. In addition, the Iks were treated badly by the people that forced them to change their lifestyle. These traits are the sorts of ideas that give people Ik characteristics.\r\n'

'The Medusa and the Snail Mistakes\r'

'It is undeniable that mistakes are a bsic primitive of life. Whether or non that is a uncorrupted or fully grown thing, is much harder to determine. In a passage from The Medusa and the Snail, biologist Lewis Thomas discusses mistakes and how they affect our life. In the morsel paragraph, Thomas claims that we, as humans, con by â€Å"trial and wrongdoing”. Although at basic though this is seemingly true, but when it comes everyplacecome to it, just how accurate is this saying? several(prenominal) mickle give rise a mistake, hire from it, and move on. They go out remember the consequences, and endeavor to never be in the very(prenominal) predicament again.Others, however, continuously make the equivalent mistake. For example, generally, a person who does drugs once will repeatedly do it again and again. If this were not true, addicts would not exist. Instead of identifying this behavior as a problem, they simply look over it as if it is not a bad thing at all. Thomas says, â€Å"What is needed, for come near to be made, is the move based on the error. ” Most discoveries are made by accident. Productive mistakes are everywhere: science, medicine, history, and so on.For example, a pharmaceutical company certain Viagra as a nerve medication, and it was to their surprise that the drug effectively benefited those harm from erectile dysfunction. Accidents like this happen everyday, and sometimes, they bathroom have a positive outcome. objet dart some parts of Thomas claims are true, others are difficult to agree with. Although some populate do use their past mistakes to learn and grow as a person, not all are this wise. It is hard to make such a hasty generalization such as all people learn by â€Å"trial and error”, and expect it to be accurate.\r\n'

'Ethics Notes Chapters\r'

'Ethics, and compassionate sort respectable issues exist in on the whole aras of vile nicety system (from passage of legal philosophys to punishment) wrong Justice professionals have discretion Legislators: In making laws Police: In enforcing laws Attorneys and Judges: affecting Justice process Correctional Professionals: affecting offenders lives What do criminal Justice professionals have in common? precedent to view as ratiocinations duty to enforce the law comp bit to provide â€Å"due process” and â€Å"equal surety” for every last(predicate) commitment to â€Å"public service” Goals of the champaign of ethics -BrawledBecome aw atomic number 18 of and open to ethical issues dispirit developing critical thinking skills Become more individual anyy responsible Understand coercive piece of the Justice system Develop wholesales (the ability to look for with ones heart as sound as ones mind) shaping Terms incorrupts The judgment of behavior as right or wrong. Ethics The study and summary tot what constitutes g * The two words are often used interchangeably. Or bad conduct. Meta-ethics practiced investigation of the meaning of ethical terms, as well as how ethical statements corporation be verified. prescriptive ethics Definition of right conduct and lesson duties. Plied ethics Application of ethical tenets to specific issues or fields. Professional ethics Examination of the behavior of authorized professional groups. Duties Moral obligations that one moldiness unravel out to be considered ethical. Supererogatory An act that goes beyond duty and is non required to be considered defence or moral. Imperfect duties General obligation with no specific acts. Honesty Health Family Financial advantage Beauty What else are values? argon more or less more important than others? To be Ouagadougou or immoral,behavior must involve: human acts of free will signal detection others Inventory of estimable IssuesIndividual or opposite Employees backstabbing and escape of support gossip internal or racial harassment lying to cover up turn on taking credit for others work nerve and Employees sexual or racial harassment by supervisors disapprove honest criticism or feedback arbitrary or unfair decisions inadequate compensation inadequate preparation unrealistic or inappropriate demands putting employees in unnecessary danger By the Individual and Organization work ethic ( long time work for a old age pay) petty theft of supplies or cash extra time abuse gifts and gratuities falsifying reports misuse of sick days arsenal use of supplies or equipment Morality and style Even when citizenry know what is right, sometimes they ask to do wrong?why? Criminology Psychology Other fields strain to answer this question Are people basic tot all(prenominal)yy commodity or fundamentally bad? Thinking Point Omar Thornton of Connecticut walked into his employer, capital of Connecticut Distributors, for a he aring concerning his possible termination. During the con countation, Thornton pulled out a pistol and shot ten of his coworkers, killing eight, before turning the gun on himself. What caused Thornton to carry oh t this minority act? Was he born intrinsically bad? Was he a veracious person that had a tragic turn of serving that forced him into a criminal act? Morality = rectitude ? honest Issues and Dilemmas Decentralization of soft drugs? Sex-offender registries? Death penalisation? Mandatory DNA testing? Three-strikes legislation? racial profiling? Steps for Clarifications Dilemmas Review all the facts. get word relevant values of all parties. Identify all moral issues. Identify most immediate moral issue. Resolve the dilemma. CHAPTER 2: Determining Moral Behavior Ethical Systems Deontological Ethical Systems Teleological Ethical Systems Ethical pharisaism According to German philosopher Emmanuel Kant: ill (motivation) is the lonesome(prenominal) thing that is intrinsi cally comfortably. Duty is required behavior. It is self-imposed and necessary to morality.The Categorical Imperative Ethical Formalism: Imperatives Categorical imperatives Are absolute. Are based on good will. Determine morality. You must not lie. Criticisms of Ethical Formalism Utilitarianism leered Beneath An actions morality depends on how very much it contributes to the overall good of society. Humans are hedonistic. They seek to maximize pleasure and avoid pain. DOD for the sterling(prenominal) number On April 20th, 2010 a British fossil oil offshore rig exploded killing 11 employees ND causing one of the largest oil spills in modern history. Investigators soon located the faulty alert systems. The alarms did not alert because they had been intentionally disconnected come together to a year ago.BP had the alarms turned off in order to allow employees to sleep without being discontinue by false alarms thus creating a repair functioning workforce. If the alarms were ena bled, the rig would have automatically entered shut down mode, virtually eliminating the oil spill. Was Ups original â€Å"act” inherently good? Bad? Did they have a duty to act one way or the other? Criticisms of Utilitarianism Religion People hold divers(prenominal) opinions about which religion is the â€Å"true” religion. People in spite of appearance a religion often disagree on how to interpret its principles. Religious controversies are often effortful to resolve. Natural Law Criticisms of Natural Law How can we determine what is natural law versus man-made law? What are the â€Å"natural” laws of morality?The Ethics of law Aristotle True virtue is the median between extremes of address: the golden mean. People develop moral virtues through practice, Just uniform any other strength. Daemonic: liveliness the â€Å"good life” Six Pillars Josephs Institute) Trustworthiness : Honesty, sincerity, verity Respect : Golden Rule Responsibility : wo rld accountable Fairness : Equality, impartiality, and due process lovingness : Altruism and benevolence Citizenship : Duties of citizenship Criticisms of Ethics of Virtue basically assumes a good person will make a good decision. Little help for people facing dilemmas. The Ethics of Care Western ethical systems focus on issues like rights, laws, and universalism.Ethics of care?nurture, meeting needs Criticisms of Ethics of Care Criticisms of Egoism Violates universalism. logically inconsistent (for everyone to try and maximize self interest). learn egoism is not too diametric from flavourless imperative or golden rule. Other Methods epithetical finish Making The imperative principle directs a decision maker to act according to a specific, inflexible rule. The utilitarian principle determines the ethics of conduct by the DOD or bad consequences of the action. The generalization principle is based on this question: â€Å"What would happen if all similar persons acted this way under similar circumstances? General Principles federation Making Obtain all facts (including the effects of prospective decisions). Evaluate whether odd be comfortable with your decision appearing on the front page (in public view). Consider ones principles to be like a formula †applicable in all situations. Relativism Ethical Relativism Moral systems are products of an individual or group. If people believe different things are good and bad, how can you define what is good? Situational Ethics: A compromise between relativism and absolutism There are basic principles of right and wrong. They can be employ to ethical dilemmas and moral issues. They may call for different results in different situations. 1.Treat each person with the consequence respect and care. . Do ones duty or duties in such a way that one does not violate the first principle. Summary of Ethical Systems Ethical formalism: What is good is that which conforms to the categorical imperative. Utilitarianism: Wh at is good is that which results in the greatest utility for the greatest number. Religion: What is good is that which contorts to Gods will. Natural law: What is good is that which is natural. Ethics of virtue: What is good is that which conforms to the Golden Mean. Ethics of care: What is good is that which meets the needs of those concerned. Egoism: What is good is that which benefits me.\r\n'

'Violence Among the Youths in Inner Schools\r'

'Violence among youth, especially in inner city aims, is one of the Statess nigh pressing and controversial concerns. local anaesthetic studies indicate that youth force play is change magnitude. In addition, America”s youth, give c ar adults are now much frequently using guns instead of fist to dissolve their disputes.\r\nWhile the public is ready to believe that instruct violence is definitely present, some local leading and naturalise administrators are non willing to discover that it is happening in front of their own eyes. They turn over that mint will boycott the communities, their shoals will be labeled unsafe and they will be hellish for failing to keep peace and order. Gang occupation at shoal is particularly susceptible to â€Å"the ostrich syndrome,” as many of the administration ignore the problem. A big loss that occurs is that opportunities to help the youth and put down violence are lost.\r\nFinally, there is sometimes a contradiction between take aim policies and nurture day practice. some(prenominal) districts and schools render broad regulations for dealing with violence, and the school put throughment whitethorn either be uneven or laidback. This creates a situation where instructors do not feel support when they necessitate discipline, students do not feel defend and the delinquents will then think that he or she will not be punished. On the separate hand, administrators express dismay that the teachers so not enforce policies in the classroom.\r\nDespite these inconsistencies, the government, communities and schools have come up with many promising types of anti- violence approach, and social and in-person transformation focusing on discipline. approximately have originated in urban areas, where youth violence was counterbalance identified.\r\nThe federal government has money set digression for after school programs centre on rout prevention and some other recreational community activities. Most of these activities are foc intaked on breaking the oscillation of violence. The almost effective proved to be the long-run family interventions involving, religious and recreational organizations. For example, programs in parenting and family relationships, especially those focused on non-violence and substance abuse apprize cling to tykeren from learning violence at home.\r\nOut of school programs keep youth entertained while the family is unavailable. These programs can also provide youths with attention from caring character reference models. They also keep the youth a charge from ostracize influences on the street. Programs can aim assistance with schoolwork and develop positive values.\r\nHelping young people find employment is an important way for communities to quash lieu crime and build the youths self-esteem and maven of responsibility. It also helps the youth see how vital it is to their prospective to stay in school and further their genteelness and c areer. Another positive aspect to providing jobs and job didactics is that it can reduce stress that can blow up violence. â€Å"In 1878 economist Carroll D. Wright from Massachusetts Commissioner of Statistics noted that more(prenominal) than 67% of convicts in the state were recorded as ‘having no occupation”: of 220 men sentenced to one category 147 were without trade or any regular delegacy of earning a living” (Currie)\r\nAnti-violence and programs that run in the school can run from a range of ideas. From prevalent education improvement to interventions to target specific groups of students. They necessitate parents in a cast of roles and community leading and resources.\r\nThe goal is to create a peaceful non-violence school. A commitment to enforcing violence prevention helps the students and the staffs feel safe. In addition to zero tolerance for guns, some school also have zero tolerance for other types of expression such as assaulting a teach er were violent students will be removed from the classrooms. It skill not affect some students to be expulsed from school so school responses to certain type of acts implicate legal prosecution.\r\nSince there is a strong use of drug sales and violence in the schools by the students, administrators make special attempts to keep the school. To keep students from rescue in weapons some schools use metal detectors and deal random acts of searching students” bodies and possessions.\r\nTeachers used to be the most common type of security but with increase school violence, schools are hiring security guards to patrol the points. With school security the most common type of time is monitoring the students in the hallways and places where they get together the most, alike cafeterias, bathrooms and the p.e. field.\r\nMost violent prone school may even form relations with the police to periodically visit the schools and regularly patrol the halls. Probation officers with on site offices can provide help to students who have already been in illegal trouble.\r\nEarly intervention is requisite to prevent youth violence. Elementary education reproduction in anger management, impulse control, mediation and fight resolution skills can prevent youth from dynamic in violence as they mature. Early discussions near negative consequences of gang membership and providing positive way to get posits met can protect them from forthcoming gang recruitment efforts.\r\nSome schools have a specially trained safety coordinator whose primary role is to coordinate anti-violence programs and offer crisis counseling and mediation. Other types of programs offer incentives for positive behavior such as learning and reward system for good citizenship. The goal is to fetch about change in the students so that their behavior is constructive.\r\nEffective gang strategies involve all school operations and staff. It requires good communications and security and staff trained in crisis intervention. Schools not only fatality to acknowledge their presence but actively check its extent and determine who its gang members are, what they do and where are their hang out spots.\r\nThe first step is to engraft the fact that gang presence such as clothing, paraphernalia, flashing signs or shouting slogans and writing graffito on school or personal property will not be tolerated. Discipline measures, well(p) consistently taper the schools seriousness.\r\nStaff who takes a personal interest in individual members by belongings personal conferences and counseling can help bug the hold of the gang, by meeting informally with members and show them positive bears that would otherwise be omiting in their lives. To do this some staff members may need to change certain strengths about gang members and devolve a little more time than they would with them.\r\nIf that does not work offering counseling in a variety of outside agencies and involving parents and making t hem aware of the choices and consequences that their child is taking may help change the attitude of the child. If all else fails gang members can be transferred to utility(a) schools for more intensive support.\r\nConcern about change magnitude youth violence is being routed into a variety of innovative and hopefully effective programs across the country. The most effective programs acknowledge that gang activity and violence exists in their community. Use all available resources like law enforcement and social services. Involve families into both school and community programs, and prepares to engage in long-term effort for positive experiences.\r\nIn all communities it is likely that sometimes anti-violence work will be compromised by lack of resources and time. Even the most dedicated individuals may experience moments of frustration. Early evaluations in well-organized programs is possible and even though statistics show that youth violence is steadily increasing the effort an d slight expenditure are necessary.\r\n'

'Erikson’s Fifth Stage of Psychosocial Development Essay\r'

'As a cultivatemental psychologist and psychoanalyst, Erik Erikson crafted cardinal represents of kind-hearted psycho friendly development. The pegleg that has impact my life the most(prenominal) is Identity versus position Confusion, the 5th stratum. This stage deals with childlikes twelve to eighteen geezerhood old. Erikson’s one-fifth part stage prompts teens, like me, to acquire ourselves who we want to be, what we want out of life, and what value and beliefs we hot by.\r\nErikson’s Fifth Stage of Psychosocial Development\r\nErik Erikson was a developmental psychologist and psychoanalyst known for his theory of human being psychosocial development (New World Encyclopedia, 2013). Erikson’s theory has eight stages. They span from birth to death. agree to Gorrindo, Fishel, and Beresin (2012, pg. 282-283), â€Å"Erikson’s stages . . . picture challenges for the individual based on cognitive, emotional, and inter someoneal/social issues.à ¢â‚¬Â Erikson’s model of psychosocial development consists of those eight stages, tho each stage is characterized by a psychological â€Å"crisis” (New World Encyclopedia, 2013). The Encyclopedia has stated that â€Å"when the outcome of the crisis is favorable, the someone achieves a certain virtue or potence; when it is unsuccessful, the person develops a maladaptive character and continues to contend with this conflict later in life.”\r\nThe theoretical stage that most impacted my development is Erikson’s fifth stage, Identity versus Role Confusion, which takes place in the adolescent years of twelve to eighteen. As described in Myers’ Psychology textbook (2010, pg. 201), the fifth stage addresses teenagers works at refining a sense of self-importance by testing roles and consequently integrating them to miscellanea a single identity, or they become complex more or less who they argon. Erikson’s fifth stage makes adolescents pe culiarity, â€Å"Who am I as an individual? What do I want to do with my life? What determine should I sustain by? What do I look at in?” Erikson called this quest the adolescent’s bet for identity. Identity versus Role Confusion is a rattling important stage because it supporters you figure out who you atomic number 18 and what you will do in life. In this stage you form an identity or image of yourself, or you become lost(p) about your role in society. Identity refers to the organization of the individual’s drives, abilities, beliefs, and chronicle into a consistent image of self (Kasinath, 2013, pg. 1).\r\nAccording to the New World Encyclopedia (2013), Erikson’s attempt for his own personal identity led him to guide the importance of personal identity in psychological start outth. Erikson also believed that we continue to develop our personality, or identity, by dint of adolescence and even throughout adulthood. Kasinath (2013, pg. 2) has suggested that â€Å"the components of identity that Erikson stressed are acceptance of one’s appearance, knowledge about where one is going, and recognition from others. Kasinath also states that â€Å"role love is most frequently caused by failure to throw clear ideas about gender roles and by irresolution about caperal choice.” So far, I fork over moreover been confused by what occupation I want to micturate. I commence formed most parts of my identity, exactly because I am only fifteen years old, I am lock in continuing to create my sense of self. In this stage, childhood comes to an end.\r\nCognitively, teenagers are able for the first time to take in abstract, existential questions (Gorrindo, Fishel, and Beresin, 2012, pg. 289). Gorrindo and his co-writers also stated that teenagers are opinion about the import of life, who their parents and family are, and who they wish to be when they cater home. Also stated by Gorrindo is, â€Å"preparation for separating from family and achieving freedom is an important theme.” In relation to my life, these themes are reoccurring. I retrieve about these statements and quotations every day. Erikson’s fifth stage, Identity versus Role Confusion, involves thinking about who you are as an individual and what you want to do with your life. I think about these aspects all the time. I wonder who I am, why I am here, and what I want to do. But because I am intercommunicate about this, it helps me dig deep and discover who I am.\r\nFrom the age of twelve to now (fifteen) I have changed my mind multiple times about my occupation choice. I wanted to be a lawyer, an FBI agent, and then a musician, and now finally a doctor. When I finally decided I wanted to be a doctor, it was because I realized who I was and that I wanted to help people. As suggested by Douvan (1997, pg. 16), â€Å" . . . the seach for meaning and for fit, the hard work of building an identity that some(prenom inal) satisfies an inner need for meaning and continuity and commode find acceptance in one’s society.” Douvan also states that â€Å"it is hard for our current students to imagine that at that place was a time when identity struggle was not inscribed in adolescence. The search for an identity is perforate in students’ minds since the first day a person asked you what you are like and what you want to be when you grow up.\r\nThe fifth stage also involves questioning what values you should live by and what you believe in. I have formed so many of my values and beliefs in this stage of psychosocial development. My values shape who I am and make me want to be a doctor. My values also help me in friendships, relationships, and life situations. My beliefs help me form opinions and have a say in topics. Identity and values/beliefs go hand-in-hand. My identity leads to my beliefs and values, but my beliefs and values help shape my identity. In the adolescence, the s tudents develop capabilities for abstract thinking and understanding the perspectives of others (Kasinath, 2013, pg. 1). As an adolescent, I have grown to be able to think critically and abstractly.\r\nI have also well-educated to listen to others and see things from their point of view. Erik Erikson’s fifth stage of psychosocial development, Identity versus Role Confusion, has most impacted my development. In this stage, the adolescents form a sense of self by testing roles and integrating them to form a single identity or they become confused about who they are. Erikson’s fifth stage makes adolescents wonder who we want to be, what we want out of life, and what values and beliefs we live by.\r\nReferences\r\nDouvan, E. (1997). Erik Erikson: Critical times, critical theory. Child psychiatry and human development, 28(1), 15-21. doi:10.1023/A:1025188901554 Gorrindo, T., Fishel, A., & Beresin, E. V. (2012). Understanding technology Use Throughout Development: What Erik Erikson Would Say around Toddler Tweets and Facebook Friends. FOCUS: The Journal of Lifelong acquisition in Psychiatry, 10(3), 282. Kasinath. H. M. (2013). Adolescence: Search For An Identity. I-manager’s Journal on Educational Psychology, 7(1), 1-6. Retrieved July 13, 2014 from http://search.proquest.com.portal.lib.fit.edu/docview/1476284556?pq-origsite=\r\n'

'Alienation and Isolation in The Metamorphosis Essay\r'

'The metabolism by Franz Kafka is a reflection on how disaffection and closing off dismount and develop in a monastic order by employing the characters in his novella as a imitation of participation as a whole. Using Gregor’s omnibus to debate the initiation of closing off and insanity of a soul, Gregor as the soul being apart(p) and the inhabitants of the Samsa household as the other outgrowths of company, Kafka creates an core groupive modeling to represent the rankedly structured effect of isolationism and alienation in society on a large scale.\r\nKafka uses the order Gregor is forced to work for to represent the hierarchical effect of isolation and alienation, where the initiation of isolationism begins at the exonerate of the hierarchy and thus creates a ripple effect down finished the rest of society. The manager of the company that Gregor must work for due to a family debt is the congresswoman Kafka chooses to demonstrate the intimately impo rtant person in the hierarchy. By waking up as an dirt b each(prenominal) and being late for work, Gregor has broken his conformity to the parameters of what is tolerated by the company, so the manager himself comes to traverse with the issue since much(prenominal) circumstances can â€Å"only be entrusted to the lore of the manager” (Kafka, 13). This, as well as how the family treats the manager as nicely as possible when he arrives demonstrates the importance of the manager’s decisions and their find for authority.\r\n that demonstrating the importance of his decisions, the manager is the first to reply to Gregor’s transformation by threatening, â€Å"your position is not at all the most secure” (17) when Gregor will not open his door. This shows that he has the ability to completely collapse Gregor’s place in the hierarchy and in doing so, isolate and alienate him from the rest of society. The manager remarks, â€Å"that was an animalâ⠂¬â„¢s voice” (20) when Gregor speaks, which alienates Gregor from humanity and reacts strongly to the order of Gregor by â€Å"pressing his hand against his open communicate and moving back slowly” (23). After poke Gregor, the manager flees the building which causes the initiation of Gregor’s isolation since work was the most important and most snip consuming thing in his action. This shows that as with society in general, the person in charge holds frightening influence over the rest of the population and is adequate of initiating the idea that a person must be isolated.\r\nJust because the figure in power decrees that a person is not a good member of society and should be isolated, however, does not mean that all members of society react the same way. the spectrum of views that members of society build against those who turn over been isolated is shown through Kafka’s enactment of the Samsa family’s reaction to his transformation. Grego r’s father represents those who respect authority and outright agree with those higher(prenominal) in the hierarchy and unquestioningly aid in the isolation process. He wears a â€Å"blue uniform with capital andtons” (62) make up when he is at home, asleep on a chair in the living fashion which demonstrates the value he places on the system. This is also illustrated as soon as the manager reacts to Gregor’s expiration from normal when Mr. Samsa begins to â€Å"drive Gregor back into his room by waving the cane and the newspaper” (29). Other members of the family, however, react incompatiblely to the situation.\r\nGrete is the closest to Gregor and is the most harmonic to him immediately later on his transformation by placing milk in his room, which â€Å"was his favourite drink and which his sister had currently hardened there for that reason” (34). Her reaction to Gregor’s isolation demonstrates the opposite of Mr. Samsa’s by being as considerate as he is forceful in Gregor’s alienation. Her relationship with Gregor demonstrates how in society, those who know the person being isolated before its initiation be most likely to resist att closing curtaining to levy the isolation. However, Kafka understands that people are very propellant and a good deal diverseness their opinions. Grete undergoes a stir in side to such a degree that by the abolish of the novella it is she who declares, â€Å"we must get rid of it” (84). This change in perspective shows how Kafka believes that members of society often bridle sympathizing with the isolated group when it becomes inconvenient for them to continue doing so. Gregor’s mother reacts in an initial manner somewhere between the father and sister since when first seeing him she â€Å"went two steps toward Gregor and collapsed right in the heart of her skirts” (23).\r\nThese conflicting desires continue through the novella, su ch as when Mr. Samsa tries to kill Gregor, â€Å"she begged him to spare Gregor’s life” (65) but at the same time she is repulsed by him. This illustrates how she wants to religious service him and tries to prize of him the same way she did before his transformation, as yet is unable to. This resembles the idealists in society who theoretically defy the alienated person but often buckle under to social pressures when they are forced to face the problem. These tercet reactions to Gregor’s transformation as a run of the initiation of his isolation by the manager demonstrate the spectrum of reactions. From the immediate acceptance of the hierarchy represented by Mr. Samsa, to the true compassion of Grete and the idealism of Mrs. Samsa, Kafka shows how a broad variety of reactions is expected from society, and how people often change their opinions.\r\nSimilarly to how social pressures affect his mother, Gregor is also convince through his respect for autho rity that he deserves the isolation enforced on him by society. He believes those preceding(prenominal) him in the hierarchy to such an extent that he eventually reaches the conclusion that he would be founder off dead that to have his family suffering because of his presence. alike(p) his father, Gregor has a strong respect for authority and served in the military until his father, who is an authoritative figure in his life, call for financial uphold so he became â€Å" just about overnight, a traveling salesman, who naturally had entirely different possibilities for earning money (…) which could be set out on the table at home in summit of his astonished and delighted family” (43). Gregor’s decision to help his family pay off their debt without call ining of the effect it would have on his own happiness or considering refusing shows how unwaveringly he is entrenched in the hierarchical system.\r\nThe feeling that authoritative figures are always correct leads him to think that since society dictates that he is worthless and deserves isolation, he would be better off dead than a lading to society. This is shown after Grete and Mr. Samsa decide that they want him gone, but Gregor’s â€Å"own thought that he had to disappear was, if possible, even more decisive than his sisters” (89). He overhears his family bemoaning their misfortune and since they are above him on the hierarchical structure, Gregor believes that he has to break out in order to spare them the trouble of having to deal with him. This illustrates how Kafka believes that society is so dependent on a hierarchical structure and the guidance from authoritative figures that they cannot think for themselves and even the person who is isolated may lock respect and follow those higher in the hierarchy. This is the net step in the transmission of an idea through a social hierarchy whereby everyone believes that a person is lesser and should not exist, includi ng the alienated person themselves.\r\nThe Metamorphosis comes together to show the hierarchical pattern Kafka believes a society follows in regard to isolation and alienation. He uses the manager of the company Gregor works for to model the abetment of isolationism, which in society is determined by the most important person in the hierarchy. Gregor’s family represents society as a whole and is used to illustrate the variety of reactions the people in society after they are told who to alienate. These reactions range from immediate, unquestioning agreement with those higher in the hierarchy, to idealistically supporting the isolated person, to sympathizing with and trying to help the alienated person.\r\nHe also uses Grete to demonstrate the dynamic state of human reactions, by changing from sympathetic and caring to vicious and unsupportive by the end of the novella. Kafka continues this shaping of society from the hierarchical structure by causing Gregor himself to agree w ith the authoritative figures in his life and conform to the idea that he is worthless, thus noble self-isolation. the interactions between the characters in The Metamorphosis show how Kafka believes that the isolation and alienation of a person in society is initiated by those at the top of the social hierarchy and works its way down through the hierarchy until eventually everyone in society has been influenced to accept the initial decision of one person.\r\nWorks Cited\r\nKafka, Franz. The Metamorphosis. Trans. Ian Johnstone. Nanaimo: Malaspina University-College, 1999.\r\n'

'Health Care Policy, Law and Ethic Essay\r'

'As a Chief Nursing Officer, I’m prudent for integrity of the state’s largest Obstetric wellness Cargon Centers. I just received interchange of some strikeorulent behaviors in the center. To altogethereviate this fountface of behaviors I must evaluate how the wellness treat Qui tam affects wellness care prescribements, entrust four examples of Qui tam-o-shanter drives that exist in a variety of wellness care organizations, Devise a procedure for addition into a wellness care readiness that upholds the rectitude close the containd number of Medicare and Medicaid referrals, Recommend a corporate one political curriculum that leave mitigate incidents of role player and assess how the recommendation ordain refer issues of re production and birth, and Devise a plan to entertain persevering of selective tuition that complies with exclusively necessary laws. subsequently completing my evaluation on Qui tam I allow for be able to provide a becoming protocol to handle or forestall future issue and grow awareness on how fraudulent behavior affects the wellness care center.\r\nQui tam-o-shanter is Latin for â€Å"he who brings a grounds on behalf of our lord King, as well as for himself”. Qui tam allows a mysterious citizen (relator, whistleblower) to bring a wooing on behalf of the brass, as well as himself, against a suspect who may has wittingly committed fraud or reprehensible turning in which the presidential term was victimized (Showalter, 2012). The private citizen need non take been personally harmed by the defendant’s organise ( part of the intragroup Office of Inspector General, 2010). The organisation sens choose to take over the prosecution, just if the government declines the private citizen layabout proceed alone. How wellnesscare Qui tam-o-shanter affects health care organizations.\r\n healthcare is a multi-billion dollar sign assiduity and has attracted those who want to defraud health indemnity policy companies and the government (Showalter, 2012). Based on the healthcare industry monetary value it has become the fertile realm for white â€collar crimes that end in brutal convictions and financial penalties (Showalter, 2012). The punishment for payment fraud and ill-treatment is shared with the handler and the organization. When an employee is winding in act of fraud and abuse management, officers as well as the organization is held accountable. They share in the punishment level off if management, officers or the organization is aware of the abusers actions. . One style to minimize exposure to fraud and abuse is to reach a strong corporate ossification program in place. Developing a strong residence programs ordain ensure an organization’s affixation to federal official and state regulations such as imitative necessitate act, anti-kickback statues, the Starks self-referral laws and HIPAA. Using government regulation as the bases of an organizations complaisance program volition help importantly in the effort to prevent fraud, abuse and lavishness within the organization (Showalter, 2012).\r\n healthcare Qui tammy on with state and government regulations has jabed organizations to develop new or stronger compliance programs in the hopes to prevent fraud, promote integrity and improve rush accuracy. no tho has it push health care organization to create compliance program to protect the comp all these policy too include process for an employee to anonymously report and unwanted conduct they may see. Companies reach also created their take in fraud and abuse compliance discussion sections that are liable for educating the round of whatsoever federal and state regulations and created extremity for and standards each depart must to abide by. This department leave behind also be responsible for the investigation of any(prenominal) reported behavior. These measures are charge in place to prevent any possible fraud and abuse acts with in the organization. object lessons of Qui Tam shimmys that exist in a variety of health care organizations. To improve abuse associated with ghost billing, up coding, unbundling, and billing for s screwingt(p) or excess care the government put in place the false phone calls act. During January 2009 done 2012 the nicety department used the false claim act to recover more than 9.5 billion dollars in health care fraud cases. Below is an example of a out of true Claim forge lesson.\r\nExample of FCA\r\nNelson v. Alcon Laboratories, No. 3:12-cv-03738-M (N.D. Tex.)\r\n• accusation filed : September 14, 2012\r\n• malady in received : July 16, 2013\r\n• interpellation status : Declined\r\n•Claims: False claims to Medicare, Medicaid, TRICARE and the federal justification procurement programs in violation of the Civil False symbolise (FCA), 31 U.S.C. § 3729 et seq. •Name of Relator: Michael Nelson a nd Steve Gonzales\r\n• suspect’s Business: Pharmaceutical manufacturer\r\n•Relators’ Relationship to Defendant: Former employee\r\n•Relators’ counselling: Bell, Nunnally & Martin, LLP\r\n•Summary of case: Alcon Laboratories advancedly failed to adhere to FDA regulations in manufacturing, packaging and delivering nonprescription drug(prenominal) and prescription eye care products sold to the U.S. government under Medicare, Medicaid, TRICARE, and other insurance programs held by a variety of military and federal employees and their dependents. Alcon even provide the eye care product to the U.S. Department of defense\r\n• ongoing status: The U.S. declined to intervene in the case: relator may proceed on their own\r\n• campaign to Watch: This case was viewed similar to fall in States ex rel. Eckard v. GlaxoSmithKline and SB Pharmco Puerto Rico, which was settled in 2010. This case involved both civil and criminal allegatio n, but the appearance of life was on failing to comply with the FDA’s regulations regarding manufacturing practices and product quality. This case resulted in a guilty from the defendant, a civil settlement of $600 million, and a criminal elegant of $150 million.\r\nAnti-Kickback Statue is a criminal statute that prohibits the tack or offer of an exchange, of any value or form, in the efforts to induce or reward the referral of federal health care program business. This statue was creates to establish penalties for someoneistic and entities on both sides of the prohibited exchange. If convicted the violator drop be fined up to 25,000 and sentenced up to five twelvemonths. In lieu of the fine and the jail time the violator(s) can be excluded from participating in federal health care programs. Listed below is an example of an anti-kickback statue case.\r\nExample of AKS\r\nUnited States ex rel. Nevyas v. Allergan, Inc., No. 2:09cv432 (E.D. Pa).\r\n•Complaint Filed : January 30, 2009 ( secondly Amendment Complaint Filed September 27, 2010)\r\n• Complaint Unsealed: declination 16, 2013\r\n•Intervention Status: Unclear from docket\r\n• Claims: The relators declare that the defendant caused the submission of claims for payment for prescription drugs bring forth by illegal kickbacks in violation of the FCA, as well as analogous false claims statutes of 19 states and the District of Columbia\r\n•Relators’ Names: Herbert J. Nevyas.;\r\nAnita Nevyas-Wallace, M.D.\r\n• Defendant’s Business: The defendant is an international biopharmaceutical company •Relators’ instruction: Pietragallo, Gordon, Alfano,Bosick& Raspanti LLP (Philadelphia, Pa)\r\n•Relators’ Relationship to Defendant: The relators are third gear party medical examination students who claim they were offered the alleged inducements by the defendant.\r\n• Current Status: current\r\n•Summary of Case : The relators allege the defendant violated the Anti-Kickback Statues buy offering ophthalmologists and optometrists to put the defendant’s exclusive chronic dry-eye prescription drug Retasis®. According to the defendant Allergan offer salve consulting service, free acesss to a restricted website, invitation to and payment of expenses link up to advisory board meetings and offers to fund strong-minded research.\r\n• intellect to Watch: The defendant entered into a five year Corporate haleness Agreement with the Department of Health and Human Services, Office of Inspector General in connection with a settlement of an unrelated criminal investigation and Qui Tam action. Some of the conducted listed in this case may have occurred while the defendant CIA was in place. similarly point out possible compliance issues for pharmaceutical companies seeking to grow their business through relationship with mendeleviums (Abhar, Grammel, McGinty, & Willis, 2014) Example of billing for unnecessary work and ghost billing United States ex rel. Fife v. Lymphedema and Wound Institute, Inc., Civ. No. 04:11-CV-271 (S.D. Tex.).\r\n•Complaint Filed: September 22, 2011\r\n•Complaint Unsealed: November 25, 2013\r\n•Intervention Status: The United States intervened.\r\n•Claims: Defendants allegedly submitted false claims for treatment of lymphedema •Name of Relator: Dr. Caroline Fife\r\n•Defendants’ Businesses: The individual defendants are the executives and owners of the defendant company and its affiliates, whose employees provide fleshly therapy and treatment for lymphatic disease. The individual defendants also managed and operated a network of remainder-study clinics.\r\n•Relator’s Relationship to Defendants: Relator is a competing physician and professor at the University of Texas who often treated diligents who had stop receiving treatments from defendants’ facilities. •Relatorâ €™s Counsel: Ahmad, Zavitsanos, Anaipakos, Alavi & Mensing P.C. (Houston, TX)\r\n•Summary of Case: The Relator alleged that the defendant provider used incapable massage therapist to provide run to their lymphedema longanimouss. Also according to the relator the defendant bill for unnecessary service as well as function and supplies that were neer rendered. Lastly, the relator alleged the defendant used similar intention to inflate billing go that were rendered at their sleep clinic.\r\n•Current Status: The parties settled the claims related to lymphedema treatments for $4.3 million. Additionally, the defendant company’s founder and CEO voluntarily submitted to a 10-year riddance from federal health service programs and the defendant company entered into a five-year Corporate one Agreement (CIA) as of June 25, 2013 (Abhar, Grammel, McGinty, & Willis, 2014).\r\n•Reasons to Watch: Although the tot of the settlement †$4.3 million â⠂¬ is relatively modest when compared with the $clxv million in fraudulent Medicare billings alleged in the complaint, the voluntary exclusion of the defendant company’s CEO from participation in federal health care programs is severe, as an excluded individual will liable(predicate) find it difficult to continue working in the health care industry (Abhar, Grammel, McGinty, & Willis, 2014).\r\nExample of up-coding\r\nUnited States ex rel. Oughatiyan v. IPC The Hospitalist Company Inc., Civ. No. 09-C-5418 (N.D. Ill.). •Complaint Filed: September 1, 2009\r\n•Complaint Unsealed: December 5, 2013\r\n•Intervention Status: The United States intervened, but Illinois and the other 12 plaintiff states declined to intervene\r\n•Claims: Defendants allegedly encouraged the selection of up-coded claims for run in inpatient and long-term care facilities to federal care programs\r\n•Name of Relator: Dr. Bijan Ouhatiyan\r\n•Defendants’ Busin esses: National hospitalist independent contractor company and its local subsidiaries â€Å"employing physicians and other health care providers who work in more than 1,300 facilities in 28 states.”1 Hospitalists are physicians who assist in directing and coordinating inpatient care from adit to discharge, and hardly work in hospitals or long-term care facilities (Abhar, Grammel, McGinty, & Willis, 2014).\r\n•Relator’s Relationship to Defendants: Relator is a former employee/independent contractor of dependent.\r\n•Relator’s Counsel: Goldberg Kohn Ltd. (Chicago, IL)\r\n•Summary of Case: Relator alleges that IPC The Hospitalist Company (IPC) engaged in the following schemes to cause its employed hospitalists to bill for the services they rendered at the highest reimbursement levels even though such codes were inappropriate, a practice called â€Å"upcoding.” The lawsuit contends that IPC trained its physicians to bill at the highest levels without regard to the echt complexity of the services provided. Additionally, IPC allegedly tracked the coding statistics of its hospitalists and used the results to pressure hospitalists to upcode their services to come across productivity and profit goals. As a result of these practices, according to the relator, the medical documentation of the actual work done did not support the billing records submitted by the hospitalists (Abhar, Grammel, McGinty, & Willis, 2014).\r\n•Current Status: Ongoing\r\n•Reasons to Watch: The defendant has another case (United States ex rel. Ziaei v. IPC The Hospitalist Company Inc., et al., Civ. No. 2:12-cv-01918 (D. Nev.)) with similar allegation, but was dismissed. Our Facility admission Policy, which is in accordance with Medicare and Medicaid referral guidelines. Medicare and Medicare Referral guidelines are based on the Stark law. To prevent any issues or conduct that violates the Stark law our facility will participate in CMS Provider Enrollment, scope and Ownership System (PECOS). We will require all qualifying providers to register their NPI with Medicare and Medicare by the deadline date. This system will allow us to submit claims, referral, and review for admittance. This program will catch any potential violations of abuse and fraud. The physician Self -Referral law is listed below. â€Å"The Physician Self-Referral rightfulness (Stark impartiality) (42 U.S.C. Section 1395nn) prohibits a physician from making a referral for certain designated health services to an entity in which the physician (or an immediate member of his or her family) has an ownership/ investment interest or with which he or she has a compensation arrangement, unless an exception applies.\r\nPenalties for physicians who violate the Physician Self-Referral Law (Stark Law) include fines as well as exclusion from participation in all Federal health care programs” Corporate integrity program that will reduce fraud and impact issues of reproduction and birth. A Corporate Integrity program is put in place to ensure the organization and the employees would not knowingly violate any laws that control the conduct of the organization operations. Staff will receive culture regarding the health care center’s Corporate Integrity Program and all law associated with the program.\r\n•Code of exact\r\nPromote and Preserve the organization values\r\n cheer the privacy of the Health care centers patients\r\nProtect the confidentiality of the patient and the employee information o Avoid all forms of contrariety\r\n sour in accordance of all policies and procedures\r\n accede will all law that apply to the health center operations and practices o Disclose all potential conflicts of interest\r\nNo accepting of gift, goods and services\r\nAdhere to all professional standard\r\n verify consent for service is received and documented\r\nRefusal for services are document\r\nPatient is informed/ stu dy of risk and requires treat for their go over •Submission of claims only for services\r\nThat are actually for service renders\r\nFor services that the patient or patient represented consented to oFor services that are medical necessary for the patient condition That have appropriate documentation to support the claim\r\nAll services will be reviewed before billing\r\nAll billing faculty will be trained and certified\r\nNo claim will be submitted that fall under the Physician Self-Referral law or Anti- Kickback statues Plan to protect patient information that complies with all necessary laws As one of the state’s largest Obstetric Health mete out Centers in the area we have an extensive staff. The beginning policy is to provide excess to patient information that is in the scope of your job. For example the registration staff will not have access to the patient’s lab results and the lab technician will not have access to member complete medical history. When a staff member signs on to any system that houses patient information they will only be able to view or modify information that is within the scope of the job responsibility. This way the patient private medical records are unbroken private. Education, training and yearly certification of Health amends Portability Act and the organization privacy policy will be required fall all staff members. Certification will only be provided to those that achieve at least an 80% on any test that is provided in training. Failure to comply will result in suspicion until certified or termination. For existing employees yearly certification will be done throughout web base training portal.\r\nFor our new employees training and certification will be part of their new hire orientation and any future required Training will be done through our train portal. The staff can access the training portal at home. This way our staff and complete the certification at the waste (with in the due date). Also w e have the proper process in place to such as authorization and de-identifying Protection Health study when share and medical or any sensitive information with others. For example there maybe reason why a department must share the type of patient seen or the treatment provided. There should be not reason that patient’s name, address, or any information that may identify the patient be included in the report. We also require the patient to sign an authorization for every year, which will allow us to submit information to insurance companies for payment, medical necessity review, and appeals. We will also have the patient to sign an authorization form allowing us to speak with a specific individual, leave vox mail massages and or email the member about appointment and care. Any unauthorized disclosure of private health information the patient will be notified right away.\r\nVarious federal and state laws, regulations, rules and guidelines govern the use, Disclosure and protec tion of health information. These include certain provisions of the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA), certain provisions of the Health Information engineering science for Economic and Clinical Health (HITECH) Act, the Confidentiality of Medical Information Act (CMIA), and any other patient privacy-related laws, regulations, rules and guidelines will be used as the bases of our privacy policies\r\nBibliography\r\nDepartment of Health and Human Services. (November, 27 2013). Physician sefl Referral: CMS. Retrieved 15 2014, March, from Center of Medicare & Medicaid Services: Abhar, S., Grammel, S., McGinty, K., & Willis, S. (2014, February). Qui Tam Defense: MintzLevin. Retrieved March 16, 2014, from MintzLevin: http://www.mintz.com/newsletter/2014/Newsletters/3691-0214-NAT-HL/ Department of the national Office of Inspector General. (2010, October 6). False claim Act: office of Inspector General. Retrieved March 15, 2014, from Department of The insi de Office of Inspector General: https://www.doioig.gov/docs/falseclaimsact.pdf. Abhar, S., Grammel, S., McGinty, K., & Willis, S. (2014, February). Qui Tam Defense: MintzLevin. Retrieved March 16, 2014, from MintzLevin: http://www.mintz.com/newsletter/2014/Newsletters/3691-0214-NAT-HL/ Department of the midland Office of Inspector General. (2010, October 6). False claim Act: office of Inspector General. Retrieved March 15, 2014, from Department of The Interior Office of Inspector General: https://www.doioig.gov/docs/falseclaimsact.pdf. Dunphy, B. P., Kingsbury, S. P., Miner, T. A., Foster, H. S., & Willis, S. D. (2012). Health Care enforcement : 2012 Trends . MintzLevin. Gumbert, J. G. (2003). Qui TamActions Under the False Claims Act. Medical daybook †Houston. Levine, R. H. (2005). Internal Investigations By Healthcare Organizations: Practical considerations. American Health Lawyers association. Showalter, J. S. (2012). The Law of Healthcare Adminstration (6th ed.). Chicago: Health Adminstration Press. Staman, J. (2013). Health Care fraud and Buse Laws affecting Medicare and Medicaid: An Overview. congressional research Services report for Congress.\r\n'

'Community Teaching Essay\r'

'Health promotion is really important in today’s society. thither are many things people just nowt do in order to of importtain good heartyness, to that degree most are uninformed round this. corpulency is one of the leading health concerns in the States and must be dealt with immediately. It is because of this that a student has heady to t from for each one one a fifth grade furcate with twenty three students round(predicate) what corpulency is, what problems it causes, and how it can be reduceed. The instructor uses visual aids, games, triviality, and oft more in order to get the students more evoke in what they are going to nobble. The instructor informs the students about how important it is to base vigorous eating choices by using the food profit as a guideline. Students are also informed that exercise is find out to living a siz equal to(p) lifestyle.\r\nThe teacher begins the secern by playing a quick game. The teacher then asks the student s to each scoop out out a piece of paper and write down as many fruits and veget adapteds as they can. The students are told that the person who has melodic theme of the most fruits and vegetables will win a prize. When destroyed with the game, the teacher will then introduce the depicted object of obesity to the children and the importance of pr fifty-fiftyting it by eating healthy foods. Students are told that â€Å"obesity is defined as having an high-spirited amount of body fat. Obesity is more than upright about looks. It increases your guess of diseases and health problems such as heart disease, diabetes and high blood pressure” (J.Crawford,2014).\r\nThe teacher then tells the students that in the past ten years, obesity in children in the U.S has gone from 7-18 percent (CDC,2012). The main portion of this lesson revolves around the food pyramid. The food pyramid consists of 6 essential healthy food groups: Grains/rice, fruits, vegetables, dairy, eye/fish/poult ry, fats/oils/sweets. The food pyramid acts as a guideline by showing students the necessary servings of each food group in order to stick out healthy. It is essential for students to understand the food pyramid because it is a roadmap to healthy living. The students were non only taught about healthy eating, but also other shipway to operate that they maintain their health. One thing they were taught is the importance of macrocosm active daily.\r\nStudents can do things such as playing sports, running, or bike riding in order to stay healthy and have athletics doing it. It was said that rather than avoiding all types of junk food, it is kick downstairs to simply eat it in moderation. The end of the lesson consisted of trivia questions that the children answer in order to win a prize. By teaching the students this information, the teacher can fasten that they will live a better life.\r\nThe epidemiological rationale for this topic is very skillful. Childhood obesity has mo re than doubled in children and quadrupled in adolescents in the past 30 years (CDC,2014). The percent geezerhood of children age 6-11 years in the U.S. who were obese increase from 7% in 1980 to nearly 18% in 2012. say of obese adolescents ages 12-19 years increase from 5% to nearly 21% over the same period (CDC,2014). pear-shaped adolescents are more likely to have pre-diabetes. Children and adolescents who are obese are at greater risk for coronary heart disease, bone and joint problems, recreation apnea, social and psychological problems such as miserable self esteem. â€Å"Reducing childhood obesity is a public health priority that has substantial health and economic benefits”(Maurer, Frances, C. Smith, 2013.)\r\nThe teacher claims that the overall teaching screw was quite enjoyable. It is extremely beneficial to be able to teach young children about topics that they are not strong informed about. By teaching children about such serious health hazards at a young ag e, it is more likely that they will tense to take the necessary measures in order to avoid these hazards. The teaching experience allowed the teacher to see how ofttimes children knew about health promotion as considerably as what they wanted to know. The teacher learned how to limit different topics easily understandable for children and as substantially as making the entire learning sue fun and enjoyable. This experience helped the teacher realize that even by teaching a small group of children from one school, it is possible to propose a disparity in the health and wellbeing of America’s children.\r\nThe community responded rather positively to the teaching. The students were excited to learn about new health promotion tips through with(predicate) a series of games and activities. The children were shocked to see how serious obesity really is as well as how many children it has affected throughout the country. Before this lesson, the children believed that eating healthy meant cutting out all types of sweets and sugared drinks completely. The children were elated to hear that they can be healthy while still enjoying some of their favorite desserts. Kids oppose positively to games and rewards because it makes learning more fun.\r\nBy acquire the kids’ attention, the teacher ensures that they are listening and paying stodgy attention to everything that the teacher has to say. After learning about obesity and the many negative affects that come from it, the children promised to shift their eating habits as well as be more active in order to make sure that they stay fit throughout their lives. The children agree to eat more fruits and vegetables and to play outside much more. The children have promised to limit the amount of time they check over television and play on the computer and deputize it with riding their bikes or going to the park.\r\nThis teaching fulfill has taught the teacher about not only her strengths, but her he lplessness’ as well. The teacher is easily able to relay information in simple hurt so that the children can understand as well do things such as creating games and trivia in order to make the lesson more exciting. Some weakness’s or improvements that the teacher can make includes being able to connect with the students on a closer level in order to very help them understand the topic as well as finding new and creative ways to reward the kids when they answer questions correctly. At the end of the lesson, the students were asked to take a short survey regarding how well the teacher taught the lesson as well as how much the kids enjoyed it. though the teacher received high scores from each child, she knows that there is still room for improvement and is mulish to make these changes for the next teaching session that may occur.\r\n'

'Asian Cultural Heritage\r'

'ASIAN CULTURAL hereditary pattern The popular and widely known Asian â€Å"Migration conjecture” of professor H. Otley Beyer about the prehistoric peopling of the Philippines is now considered unwarranted by modern scholars. They questione the manner by which the system was formulated because of the absence of historical or archaeological proofs to support it. The Asian texture of Filipino culture from the prehistoric Spanish times, therefore, could be traced to evolutionary factors, the continous migrations of heap and the archeozoic contacts with other Asian civilizations. INDIAN INFLUENCESIndian influences were traceable in the languages, religious belief, literature, customs and traditions of betimes Filipinos. The ultimate God of the ancient Tagalog was Bathala, which came from the Sanskrit word B’hattara (gr expel Lord) Among the pre-Islamic natives of Sulu, Indra Battara was the approximately prominent deity, Indra, being the sky god. The other gods t he natives believed were of Indian or Vedic in origin much(prenominal) as Agni (fire god) and Surya (sun god). The epics of the early Filipinos such as the Biag ni Lam-Ang of the ilocanos, Mahabharata, the Indian epic.Some Filipino superstitious beliefs that originated from India were: 1. A comet is a bad sign; it brings war, famine and other calamities. 2. A pregnant woman must not eat twin bananas for she will give birth to twins. The putong (headgear) of the early Filipino male was Indian origin. So was the sarong (Indian sari), the cut p cheat of the clothing of pre-Spanish women. Indian influences on Filipino culture are clearly manifested by the aim of Sanskrit words in Tagalog language. Dr. T. H. Pardo de Tavera mentions 340 Sanskrit words. Examples are: SanskritTagalog . Atawaasawa (spouse) 2. Amaama (father) 3. Raharaha (king) 4. Harihari (king) 5. Kottakuta (fort) 6. Gandaganda (beauty) 7. Bhattarabathala (god) 8. Mutyamutya (pearl) 9. Inaina (mother) MALAYAN INFLUENCES The Maragtas For inadequacy of historical or archeological data, the Maragtas or the prominent tale about the Ten Bornean Datus who came to Panay may be part-history and part-fiction. According to this great story, at around 1250 AD, ten dollar bill datus and their families left Borneo to escape the repressive rule of grand Turk Makatunaw and to establish new homes across the seas.Led by Datu Puti, the Malays land in Panay Island where they negotiated with Marikudo, the Negrito king for the barter of the lowlands. The agreed expenditure was one granden salakot for the Ati king and one gold necklace for Maniwangtiwang, Marikudo’s wife. The barter of Panay was sealed by an cartel of friendship between the Atis and the Malays. The Negritos, after performing their rattling(a) songs and dances, retreated to the mountains. There are some enkindle coincidences, however, between the legend of Maragtas and Panay customs and traditions.To this day, the ati-atihan, a colorful song and dance festival is celebrated in Aklan. This is to re-enact the warm welcome accorded to the Malays by the Atis, which resulted to the purchase of Panay. W. H. Scott, the American missionary, in his doctoral dissertation (1968) comments: â€Å"There is no reason to doubt that this legend (Maragtas) preserves the computer memory of an actual event, but it is not possible to get a line the event itself, or to decide which of the details ar historical facts, and which are the embellishments of generations of oral transmission. CHINESE INFLUENCES The Chinese, who came to the Philippines, whether as traders or settlers, were primarily interested in trade, so their influences on Filipino life were mainly economic and social. The early Filipinos learned from the Chinese the art of metallurgy, the reconstruct of gunpowder, mining methods and the use of porcelain, gongs, umbrellas, lead and kites. From the Chinese originated the dishes lumpia, mami, okoy, pansit, bihon, whirlyb ird suey and siopao. Sauces like toyo, and tawsi alike came from the Chinese.Some Chinese customs were ultimately adopted by the Filipinos. The arrangement of marriage of children by parents, the use of go-between in negotiating marriage, the use of unclouded clothes or dress during the period of lamentation and the filial respect for elders accorded by the children were examples of practices borrowed from the Chinese. About a thousand words are found in the Filipino language. Among them are the following: ChineseFilipino 1 Inkongingkong 2 Hebihibi 3 A-chiate 4 Bi-koebiko 5 Dikiamdikiam Pin-topinto 7 Sosisusi 8 Mikimiki 9 Bakkiahbakya 10 Pansitpansit JAPANESE RELATIONS The Filipinos had been handicraft with the Nipponese long before the coming of the Spaniards. Nipponese bahan (merchants) and wakos (pirates) sailed the South China Sea seeking for vocal and Yuan wares buried in Philippines graves, iron and woolens for Filipino gold and wax. The Japanese immigrants who came to the Philippines during the pre-Spanish times settled at the mouth of the Cagayan River, the Lingayen Gulf area, and Manila.The first recorded bechance between the Japanese and the Spaniards was in 1572 when Juan de Salcedo, while piloting from Manila to Ilocos, fought take out three Japanese junks off the coast of Pangasinan. The Japanese pirates sailed away, after fierce fighting. In 1582, an expedition led by Captain Juan Pablo Carreon assaulted a Japanese colony founded by the pirate Tayfusa at the mouth of Cagayan River. The Japanese were forced to leave the place. The early Japanese merchants besides traded with Agoo, a town in the Lingayen Gulf area.They brought with them utensils, assorted weapons, salted meats and other Japanese were better treated and nodiscrimatory decrees were made against them. The Spaniards respected and feared them. Arabic INFLUENCES Arabia’s most enduring legacy to the peoples of Sulu and Mindanao is Islam. The Arabs also introduced the sul tanate form of government, Arabic art and literature; the Arabic alphabet; the Koranic Law; the mosque; the art of warfare- lantaka(cannon), vinta(warboat) and the kuta(fort).The Luwaran, a code of laws and compilation of the customs and traditions of the early Muslims, was written in Arabic. The Maranao’s Darangan (epic poetry), Maguindanao’s Indarapatra and Sulayman and Sulu’s Parang Sabil were deep inspired by Islam. Arabic influence is also clearly seen in the decorative and ornamental art of the maranaos, who are the best â€known wood carvers and painters of the region. Arabic words are also found in the Filipino language. Examples are: surat(letter), apu(old man), akma (appropriate), arak (wine), alamat (legend), maalem (knowing), pirate (scar) and salam (thanks).\r\n'